Thisarticle explains how parents can apply for an Exit and EntryPermit (出入境通行证churujing tongxingzheng) or a Travel Document (旅行证lvxingzheng) on behalf of a dual nationality child.SFBC helps you analyze whether your child is a good fit or if thereare better options.
本文解释了父母如何为具有双重国籍的子女申请出入境通行证（churujingtongxingzheng）或旅行证（lvxingzheng）。SFBC帮助您分析您孩子是否适合办理，或者是否有其他更好的选择。
Background
背景
展开剩余96%Certainchildren may automatically acquire Chinese citizenship at birth(in China or abroad) if one or both parents are Chinese.
如果父母中有一方或双方是中国公民，某些儿童可能在出生时（在中国或国外）自动获得中国国籍。
Atthe same time, the child may automatically acquire or qualify toapply for foreign citizenship. For example, a child born in the U.S.is normally a citizen. And a child born outside the U.S. toone citizen parent and one noncitizen parent automaticallyacquires citizenship at birth if the parents are married and thecitizen parent was previously physically present in the U.S. forperiods totaling not less than 5 years, at least 2 of which wereafter age 14. INA § 301(g).
与此同时，该儿童可能自动获得或符合申请外国国籍的条件。例如，在美国出生的儿童通常具有美国国籍。根据《美国国籍法》第301(g)条，如果父母已婚，且美国公民一方此前在美国累计居住时间不少于5年，其中至少2年是在14岁之后，那么在美国境外出生的儿童在出生时自动获得美国国籍。
Accordingto the Exitand Entry Administration Law, article 9, a Chinese citizen whoexit or enter China shall hold a passport or other travel document.
根据《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》第9条，中国公民出境或入境中国时，应持有护照或其他旅行证件。
But,if the child holds a foreign passport, the Chinese government isunwilling to issue a Chinese passport. That’s because underChina’s NationalityLaw, article 4, the PRC government doesn’t recognize aChinese citizen’s foreign nationality. And this has beeninterpreted to mean that it would be a nationality conflict to issuea Chinese passport to a dual nationality child holding a foreignpassport.
但是，如果儿童持有外国护照，中国政府则不愿为其签发中国护照。因为根据《中华人民共和国国籍法》第4条，中国政府不承认中国公民的外国国籍。这被解释为，为持有外国护照的双重国籍儿童签发中国护照将导致国籍冲突。
Exitand Entry Permit
出入境通行证
Whatis an Exit and Entry Permit?
什么是出入境通行证？
Thisis a permit for a Chinese citizen to depart and return to Chinawithin 3 months of departure. It is issued in circumstances where itis inappropriate to issue a regular passport due to the applicant’snationality conflict, namely that the individual already holds aforeign passport.
这是允许中国公民在离境后3个月内返回中国的证件。在因申请人存在国籍冲突而不宜签发普通护照的情况下，会签发该证件，即该个人已经持有外国护照。
I’veheard parents inaccurately refer to the Exit and Entry Permit as an“exit visa” for their baby. But remember that this is nota visa granted to a foreign national. Instead, it’s a traveldocument (not unlike a passport) granted to a Chinese citizenwhom the Chinese government has deemed unqualified for apassport. The inside cover states, “The Ministry ofForeign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China requests allcivil and military authorities of foreign countries to allow thebearer of this permit to pass freely and afford assistance in case ofneed.”
我曾听到一些父母错误地将出入境通行证称为婴儿的“出境签证”，但请注意，这不是授予外国人的签证，而是授予中国公民的旅行证件（类似于护照），中国政府认为该公民不符合护照申请条件。内页封面声明：“中华人民共和国外交部提请各国军政机关准许持证人自由通过，并在需要时予以协助。”
Still,as a practical matter, the only authorities who will need to reviewthis document are the Ministry of Public Security’s bordercontrol troops at the airport, sea port, or land border when thechild seeks to exit and reenter China.
不过，实际上，唯一需要审查该证件的机构是当儿童离境和入境中国时，机场、港口或陆地边境的公安部边防部队。
Whatare the requirements for issuance of an Exit and Entry Permit?
出入境通行证的签发条件是什么？
Applicantis a Chinese citizen
申请人是中国公民
Applicantholds a foreign passport
申请人持有外国护照
Insome cities, the applicant will be required to cancel their hukou, ifthey have one. The National Immigration Administrationhas stated thatthis is not a national policy, but the requirement persists in somecities.
在某些城市，申请人如果拥有户口，将被要求注销户口。国家移民管理局曾表示，这并非全国性政策，但在某些城市仍存在这一要求。
Notethat hukou cancellation does not amount to renunciation of PRCcitizenship. The child remains a PRC citizen but no longer will haveaccess to benefits that depend on a hukou (e.g., treatment as a localfor purposes of attending public schools and medical insurance).
请注意，注销户口并不等同于放弃中华人民共和国国籍。该儿童仍然是中华人民共和国公民，但不再享有依赖于户口的福利（例如，以当地居民身份享受公立学校入学和医疗保险等）。
ApplicationProcedures
申请程序
Applyat the Exit and Entry Administration of the Public Security Bureau inthe district of residence (居住地).
在居住地区公安分局的出入境管理局申请。
Thechild must come in person to be photographed on the spot. One parentmust either come in person or be represented by an agent with anational ID and power of attorney.
儿童必须亲自到场拍照。一名父母必须亲自到场，或者由代理人携带身份证和授权书代为办理。
Theapplicant’s identity should be checked in the public securitybureau’s “nationwide legal database of persons notpermitted to leave China” and “nationwide state personneldatabase.”
申请人的身份应在公安局的“全国不准出境人员法定数据库”和“全国国家工作人员数据库”中进行核查。
PSBprocessing time is typically about 5 work days.
公安局的处理时间通常约为5个工作日。
Theapplication fee is 15 RMB.
申请费用为15元人民币。
RequiredDocuments
所需文件
Applicationform
申请表
Onerecent two-inch photograph
一张近期二寸照片
Foreignpassport
外国护照
Birthcertificate. If the birth was abroad, this should be apostilled andaccompanied by a Chinese translation by a translator acceptable tothe local PSB. The PSB may require a copy of the translationcompany’s license.
出生证明。如果出生在国外，该证明应经过认证，并附有当地公安局认可的翻译机构的中文翻译。公安局可能要求提供翻译公司的营业执照副本。
Mostrecent Exit and Entry Permit or Travel Permit (not required forfirst-time applicants)
最近一次的出入境许可证或旅行证（首次申请者无需提供）
Evidenceof the applicant’s district of residence, namely, the PRCcitizen parent’s local hukou (户口)or residence permit (居住证). See StateCouncil, InterimRegulation on Residence Permits (居住证暂行条例),Order No. 663 of the State Council, issued Nov. 26, 2015, effectiveJan. 1, 2016 (“A citizen who leaves his or her place ofpermanent residence, resides in another city for more than half ayear, and satisfies one of the conditions of having a legal andstable job, having a legal and stable residence, continuouslyattending school may …. apply for a residence permit.”).
证明申请人居住区的文件，即中国公民父母的当地户口簿或居住证。参见国务院《居住证暂行条例》，国务院令第663号，2015年11月26日发布，2016年1月1日生效（“公民离开常住户口所在地，在其他城市居住半年以上，符合有合法稳定就业、合法稳定住所、连续就读条件之一的，可以……申请居住证。”）
Foreignparent’s valid passport (original and copy of the ID page andvisa page)
外国父母的有效护照（原件及身份证页和签证页的复印件）
Chineseparent’s national ID card and household registrationbooklet (original and copy)
中国父母的身份证和户口簿（原件及复印件）
Parents’marriage certificate. If the marriage was abroad, this shouldbe apostilled andaccompanied by a Chinese translation by a translator acceptable tothe local PSB. The PSB may require a copy of the translationcompany’s license.
父母的结婚证。如果结婚在国外进行，该证书应经过认证，并附有当地公安局认可的翻译机构的中文翻译。公安局可能要求提供翻译公司的营业执照副本。
Ifthe child was born out of wedlock, there may be additional documentsrequired.
如果儿童是非婚生子女，可能需要额外的文件。
Applicant’shukou, if any.
申请人的户口簿（如有）。
ThePSB exit and entry administration’s procedures for issuance ofan Exit and Entry Permit differ slightly depending on the locality:
公安局出入境管理局发放出入境许可证的程序因地区而异：
Beijing
北京
Shanghai
上海
Dongguan
东莞
Shenyang
沈阳
Bookinga Flight
预订航班
Bookthe child’s flight with the foreign passport, then uponchecking in to the flight departing China, show that passport. Whenpassing through border control, show the exit and entry permit asevidence the child has a right to leave, and show the foreignpassport (with a visa if needed) as evidence the child has a right toenter the country of destination. When reentering China, show bordercontrol the exit and entry permit as evidence the child is a PRCcitizen with a right to enter China.
使用外国护照为儿童预订航班。在办理离境中国的航班登机手续时，出示该护照。在通过边防检查时，出示出入境许可证作为儿童有权离境的证明，并出示外国护照（如有需要，附上签证）作为儿童有权进入目的地国家的证明。再次入境中国时，向边防检查出示出入境许可证，作为儿童是中国公民并有权进入中国的证明。
TravelDocument
旅行证
Ifabroad, the child may apply for a Travel Document (旅行证lvxingzheng) at the PRC embassy or consulate withjurisdiction over their place of residence.
如果在国外，儿童可以在其居住地有管辖权的中华人民共和国大使馆或领事馆申请旅行证（lvxingzheng）。
Accordingto the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Instructionsfor Chinese Citizens to Apply for Passports and Travel DocumentsOverseas, a Travel Document is available to “some Chineseminors with special circumstances,” namely:
根据外交部发布的《中国公民在国外申请护照和旅行证指南》，旅行证适用于“具有特殊情况的中国未成年人”，具体包括：
aminor born in a foreign country, if (a) the minor has foreignnationality by birth, (b) one or both parents are Chinese citizens,and (c) at least one Chinese parent has not obtained permanentresidence in a foreign country at the time of the minor’sbirth; or
在国外出生的未成年人，如果（a）该未成年人出生时即具有外国国籍，（b）其父母一方或双方为中国公民，且（c）在其出生时，至少有一名中国父母未获得外国永久居留权；或者
Aminor who is born in China, if (a) one parent is a Chinese citizenand one parent who is a foreign citizen, and (b) the minor is bornwith foreign nationality in accordance with the laws of the countryof nationality of the foreign parent.
在中国出生的未成年人，如果（a）其父母一方为中国公民，另一方为外国公民，且（b）该未成年人根据其外国父母国籍所在国的法律，出生时即具有外国国籍。
Thedocument is valid for multiple entries to China over a 2-year period.
该证件有效期为2年，可多次入境中国。
Whilethe Ministry’s Instructions refer to “minors,” inpractice there appears to be no age limit to apply for a TravelDocument. Our firm is unaware of any public rule in writing on thispoint, the Chinese Consulate in Los Angeles and the Chinese Embassyin Washington, DC, have both told this to our firm.
虽然外交部的指南中提到“未成年人”，但在实践中，申请旅行证似乎并无年龄限制。我们公司尚未发现有书面的公开规定，但洛杉矶的中国领事馆和华盛顿特区的中国大使馆都向我们确认了这一点。
ChineseEmbassies and Consulates now use the “ChineseConsul” (中国领事)App for purposes of travel permit applications. The applicationform and the following supportingdocuments are submitted via the app.
中国大使馆和领事馆目前使用“中国领事”应用程序来处理旅行证申请。申请表及以下支持文件需通过该应用程序提交。
Currentforeign passport
当前有效的外国护照
Passport-stylephoto
护照规格照片
Parents’marriage certificate
父母的结婚证
Proofof long-term foreign residence address for the minor
未成年人长期外国居住地址证明
Proofof entry to the U.S.
进入美国的证明
Birthcertificate
出生证明
Copyof parent’s valid China passport or ID card
父母有效中国护照或身份证复印件
Declarationof Consent to Apply for a Passport/Travel Document signed by a parent
父母签署的申请护照/旅行证同意书
TheConsulate will review the materials submitted, leaving messages inthe app if the materials need to be supplemented, or confirming thatthe materials are complete.
领事馆将审查提交的材料，如果材料需要补充，将在应用程序中留言，或者确认材料完整。
Ifthe materials are complete, the Consulate will request that theapplicant mail in certain original documents.
如果材料完整，领事馆将要求申请人邮寄某些原件。
Paymentcan be submitted by credit card or WeChat.
可以通过信用卡或微信支付申请费用。
TheConsulate may then conduct an interview through the app’svideoconference function.
领事馆可能会通过应用程序的视频会议功能进行面试。
Theprocessing time is about 15 days.
处理时间约为15天。
TheTravel Document contains these notes:
旅行证包含以下说明：
Thistravel document is an identity certificate for travel purpose in lieuof a passport and is valid for travel to all countries.
此旅行证是代替护照用于旅行目的的身份证明，可用于前往所有国家
Thebearer of this travel document is a citizen of the People’sRepublic of China. The issuance, replacement, reissuance andendorsement of this travel document shall be effected [sic] by thediplomatic and consular missions of the People’s Republic ofChina in foreign countries, or other Chinese overseas agencies dulyauthorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’sRepublic of China.
此旅行证的持有者是中华人民共和国公民。此旅行证的签发、换发、补发和加注，由中华人民共和国驻外外交和领事机构，或经中华人民共和国外交部授权的其他海外机构办理。
Thistravel document contains 32 (numbered) pages. It is valid for twoyears, unless otherwise stated. It must be replaced with a new onewhen its validity period expires or it has no further space forvisas.
此旅行证共有32页（编号）。有效期为2年，除非另有说明。有效期届满或签证页用完时，需更换新证。
Thistravel document shall be kept carefully and used properly. lt shallnot be mutilated, tampered with, or transferred to another person forunlawful use. Any case of loss or destruction should be immediatelyreported to the nearest issuing authority and the local police orpublic security authorities.
此旅行证应妥善保管，正确使用。不得毁损、篡改或转借他人非法使用。如有遗失或损毁，应立即向最近的发证机关以及当地警方或公安部门报告。
发布于：山西省